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i

PRIMITIVE CULTURE

iiiPRIMITIVE CULTURE
RESEARCHES INTO THE DEVELOPMENT
OF MYTHOLOGY, PHILOSOPHY, RELIGION,
LANGUAGE, ART, AND CUSTOM
BY EDWARD B. TYLOR, D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S.
PROFESSOR OF ANTHROPOLOGY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD
AUTHOR OF “RESEARCHES INTO THE EARLY HISTORY OF MANKIND,” ETC.
“Ce n’est pas dans les possibilités, c’est dans l’homme même qu’il
faut étudier l’homme: il ne s’agit pas d’imaginer ce qu’il auroit pû
ou dû faire, mais de regarder ce qu’il fait.”De Brosses.
IN TWO VOLUMES
VOL. II
LONDON
JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET, W.
1920

ivPrinted in U.S.A.

[Rights of Translation and Reproduction reserved]

v

CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOLUME.

CHAPTER XII.

ANIMISM (continued).

Doctrine of Soul’s Existence after Death; its main divisions, Transmigrationand Future Life—Transmigration of Souls: re-birth inHuman and Animal Bodies, transference to Plants and Objects—Resurrectionof Body: scarcely held in savage religion—FutureLife: a general if not universal doctrine of low races—Continuedexistence, rather than Immortality; second death of Soul—Ghostof Dead remains on earth, especially if corpse unburied; itsattachment to bodily remains—Feasts of the Dead 1

CHAPTER XIII.

ANIMISM (continued).

Journey of the Soul to the Land of the Dead—Visits by the Livingto the Regions of Departed Souls—Connexion of such legendswith myths of Sunset: the Land of the Dead thus imagined asin the West—Realization of current religious ideas, whether ofsavage or civilized theology, in narratives of visits to the Regionsof Souls—Localization of the Future Life—Distant earthly region:Earthly Paradise, Isles of the Blest—Subterranean Hades or Sheol—Sun,Moon, Stars—Heaven—Historical course of belief as to suchlocalization—Nature of Future Life—Continuance-theory, apparentlyoriginal, belongs especially to the lower races—Transitionaltheories—Retribution-theory, apparently derived, belongs especiallyto the higher races—Doctrine of Moral Retribution as developedin the higher culture—Survey of Doctrin

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