[p. i]
HISTORY OF GREECE.
BY
GEORGE GROTE, Esq.
VOL. V.
REPRINTED FROM THE LONDON EDITION.
NEW YORK:
HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS
329 AND 331 PEARL STREET.
1857.
[p. iii]
PREFACE TO VOL. V.
VOLUMES V AND VI.
FROM THE BATTLE OF MARATHON
TO THE PEACE OF NIKIAS.
B. C. 490-421.
I had reckoned upon carrying my readersin these two volumes down to the commencement of the great Athenianexpedition against Syracuse.
But the narration of events, now that we are under the positiveguidance of Thucydidês,—coupled with the exposition of some points onwhich I differ from the views generally taken by my predecessors,—have occupied greater space than I had foreseen: and I have beenobliged to enlarge my Sixth Volume beyond the usual size, in order toarrive even at the Peace of Nikias.
The interval of disturbance and partial hostility, which ensuedbetween that peace and the Athenian expedition, will therefore bereserved for the beginning of my Seventh Volume, the publication ofwhich will not be long delayed.
G. G.
Dec. 1848.
[p. v]
CONTENTS.
VOL. V.
PART II.
CONTINUATION OF HISTORICAL GREECE.
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
FROM THE BATTLE OF MARATHON TO THE MARCH OFXERXES AGAINST GREECE.
Resolutions of Darius to invade Greece a second time. His death.— Succeeded by his son Xerxes. — Revolt and reconquest of Egypt bythe Persians. — Indifference of Xerxes to the invasion of Greece— persons who advised and instigated him — persuasions which theyemployed — prophecies produced by Onomakritus. — Xerxes resolves toinvade Greece. — Historical manner and conception of Herodotus. —Xerxes announces his project to an assembly of Persian counsellors— Mardonius and Artabanus, the evil and good genius. — Xerxes isinduced by Artabanus to renounce his project — his repeated dreams— divine command to invade Greece. — Religious conception of thesequences of history — common both to Persians and Greeks. — Vastpreparations of Xerxes — March of Xerxes from the interior of Asia —collection of the invading army at Sardis — his numerous fleet andlarge magazines of provision beforehand. — He throws a bridge ofboats across the Hellespont. — The bridge is destroyed by a storm —Wrath of Xerxes — he puts to death the engineers and punishes theHellespont. — Remarks on this story of the punishment inflictedon the