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Transcriber’s Note

Cover created by Transcriber, using an illustrationfrom the original book, and placed in the Public Domain.

THE TROPICAL WORLD.


LONDON: PRINTED BY
SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE
AND PARLIAMENT STREET


PRIMITIVE FOREST.

THE TROPICAL WORLD:

ASPECTS OF MAN AND NATURE
IN
THE EQUATORIAL REGIONS OF THE GLOBE.

BY
DR. G. HARTWIG,
AUTHOR OF ‘THE SEA AND ITS LIVING WONDERS,’ ‘THE SUBTERRANEAN WORLD,’
‘THE HARMONIES OF NATURE,’ AND ‘THE POLAR WORLD.’

WITH EIGHT CHROMOXYLOGRAPHIC PLATES AND NUMEROUS WOODCUTS.

NEW EDITION.

LONDON:
LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO.
1873.

All rights reserved.


PREFACE.

The numerous alterations I have made in this newedition of the ‘Tropical World,’ both by the attentiverevision of its former contents, and the addition of newchapters descriptive of the chief characteristics of thevarious tropical races of man; as well as the care I havetaken to condense as much information as possible withinnarrow limits, will, I hope, justify my assertion that Ihave done my best to please indulgent readers, and tomerit the favourable verdict of severer critics.

Dr. HARTWIG.

Salon Villas, Ludwigsburg (Würtemburg):
March 10, 1873.


vii

CONTENTS.

 Page
CHAPTER I.
THE DIVERSITY OF CLIMATES WITHIN THE TROPICS.
Causes by which it is produced—Abundance and Distribution of Rain within the Tropics—The Trade Winds—The Belt of Calms—Tropical Rains—The Monsoons—Tornados—Cyclones—Typhoons—Storms in the Pacific—Devastations caused by Hurricanes on Pitcairn Island and Rarotonga1
CHAPTER II.
THE LLANOS.
Their Aspect in the Dry Season—Vegetable Sources—Sand Spouts—Effects of the Mirage—A Savannah on Fire—Opening of the Rainy Season—Miraculous Changes—Exuberance of Animal and Vegetable Life—Conflict between Horses and Electrical Eels—Beauty of the Llanos at the Termination of the Rainy Season—The Mauritia Palm11
CHAPTER III.
THE PUNA, OR THE HIGH TABLE-LANDS OF PERU AND BOLIVIA.
Striking Contrast with the Llanos—N
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