THE METAPHYSICAL ELEMENTS OF ETHICS

By Immanuel Kant

1780

Translated by Thomas Kingsmill Abbott

CONTENTS

PREFACE

INTRODUCTION TO THE METAPHYSICAL ELEMENTS OF ETHICS

I. Exposition of the Conception of Ethics

II. Exposition of the Notion of an End which is also a Duty

REMARK

III. Of the Reason for conceiving an End which is also a Duty

IV. What are the Ends which are also Duties?

V. Explanation of these two Notions

A. OUR OWN PERFECTION

B. HAPPINESS OF OTHERS

VI. Ethics does not supply Laws for Actions (which is done by Jurisprudence), but only for the Maxims of Action

VII. Ethical Duties are of indeterminate, Juridical Duties of strict, Obligation

VIII. Exposition of the Duties of Virtue as Intermediate Duties

(1) OUR OWN PERFECTION as an end which is also a duty

(2) HAPPINESS OF OTHERS as an end which is also a duty

IX. What is a Duty of Virtue?

X. The Supreme Principle of Jurisprudence was Analytical; that of Ethics is Synthetical

XI. According to the preceding Principles, the Scheme of Duties of Virtue may be thus exhibited

XII. Preliminary Notions of the Susceptibility of the Mind for Notions of Duty generally

A. THE MORAL FEELING

B. OF CONSCIENCE

C. OF LOVE TO MEN

XIII. General Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals in the treatment of Pure Ethics

XIV. Of Virtue in General

XV. Of the Principle on which Ethics is separated from Jurisprudence

REMARKS

Of the Doctrine of Virtue on the Principle Of Internal Freedom.

XVI. Virtue requires, first of all, Command over Oneself

XVII. Virtue nec

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