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THE INTERNATIONAL MISCELLANY
Of Literature, Art, and Science.
Vol. 1. NEW YORK, OCTOBER 1, 1850. No. 3.
[Illustration:
HENRY BROUGHAM, LORD BROUGHAM AND VAUX.
FROM A SKETCH BY ALFRED CROWQUILL, MADE IN JULY, 1850.]
LORD BROUGHAM.
It is generally understood that this most illustrious Englishman nowliving, will, in the course of the present year, visit the United States.Whatever may be the verdict of the future upon his qualities or hisconduct as a statesman, it is scarcely to be doubted that for the varietyand splendor of his abilities, the extent, diversity and usefulness ofhis labors, and that restless, impatient and feverish activity which haskept him so long and so eminently conspicuous in affairs, he will beregarded by the next ages as one of the most remarkable personages in theage now closing—the second golden age of England. Lord Brougham is of aCumberland family, but was born in Edinburgh (where his father hadmarried a niece of the historian Robertson), on the 19th of September,1779. He was educated at the University of his native city, and we firsthear of him as a member of a celebrated debating society, where hetrained himself to the use of logic. He was not yet sixteen years of agewhen he communicated a paper on Light to the Royal Society of London,which was printed in their transactions; and before he was twenty he hadwritten discussions of the higher geometry, which, appearing in the samerepository of the best learning, attracted the general attention ofEuropean scholars. In 1802, with his friends Jeffrey, Francis Homer, andSidney Smith, he established the Edinburgh Review. In 1806 he publishedhis celebrated "Inquiry into the Colonial Policy of the European Powers,"and soon after was called to the English bar, and settled in London,where he rapidly rose to the highest eminence as a counselor and anadvocate. On the 16th of March, 1808, he appeared in behalf of themerchants of London, Liverpool, Manchester, &c., before the House ofCommons, in the matter of the Orders in Council restricting trade withAmerica, and greatly increased his fame by one of the most masterlyarguments he ever delivered. In 1810 he became a member of Parliament,and he soon distinguished himself here by his speeches on the slave tradeand against the Orders in Council, which, mainly through his means, wererescinded. Venturing, at the general election of 1812, to contest theseat for Liverpool with Mr. Canning, he was defeated, and for four yearshe devoted himself chiefly to his profession. In this period he made manyof his most famous law arguments, and acquired the enmity of the PrinceRegent by his defense of Leigh Hunt, and his brother, in the case oftheir famous libel in "The Examiner." In 1816 he commenced thosepowerful and indefatigable efforts in behalf of education, by which he isperhaps best entitled to the gratitude of mankind. As chairman of theeducational committee of forty, he drew up the two voluminous andmasterly re